Depression, fear, problems in the family, with children, in the workplace, in business, in love, you have to imagine the issues that is not responding?
Sometimes, a few words can totally change your life!

Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior. As both an academic and applied discipline, Psychology involves the scientific study of mental processes such as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, as well as environmental influences, such as social and cultural influences, and interpersonal relationships, in order to devise theories of human behavior. Psychology also refers to the application of such knowledge to various spheres of human activity, including problems of individuals' daily lives and the treatment of mental health problems.

Psychology differs from the other social sciences (e.g., anthropology, economics, political science, and sociology) due to its focus on experimentation at the scale of the individual, as opposed to groups or institutions. Historically, psychology differed from biology and neuroscience in that it was primarily concerned with mind rather than brain, a philosophy of mind known as dualism. Modern psychological science incorporates physiological and neurological processes into its conceptions of perception, cognition, behavior, and mental disorders.

The word psychology comes from the ancient Greek ψυχή psyche ("soul," "mind") and -λογία -ology ("study").

Abnormal psychology is the scientific study of abnormal behavior in order to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning. Abnormal psychology in clinical psychology studies the nature of psychopathology, its causes, and its treatments. Of course, the definition of what constitutes 'abnormal' has varied across time and across cultures. Individuals also vary in what they regard as normal or abnormal behavior. In general, abnormal psychology can be described as an area of psychology that studies people who are consistently unable to adapt and function effectively in a variety of conditions. The four main contributing factors to how well an individual is able to adapt include their genetic makeup, physical condition, learning and reasoning, and socialization.

Biological psychology
Image of the human brain. The arrow indicates the position of the hypothalamus.Main articles: Biological psychology, Neuropsychology, Physiological psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, and Evolutionary psychology
Biological psychology is the scientific study of the biological bases of behavior and mental states. Because all behavior is controlled by the central nervous system, it is sensible to study how the brain functions in order to understand behavior. This is the approach taken in behavioral neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and neuropsychology. Neuropsychology is the branch of psychology that aims to understand how the structure and function of the brain relate to specific behavioral and psychological processes. Often neuropsychologists are employed as scientists to advance scientific or medical knowledge. Neuropsychology is particularly concerned with the understanding of brain injury in an attempt to work out normal psychological function.

The approach of cognitive neuroscience to studying the link between brain and behavior is to use neuroimaging tools, such as fMRI, to observe which areas of the brain are active during a particular task.

Cognitive psychology
Neural network with two layersMain article: Cognitive psychology
The nature of thought is another core interest in psychology. Cognitive psychology studies cognition, the mental processes underlying behavior. It uses information processing as a framework for understanding the mind. Perception, learning, problem solving, memory, attention, language and emotion are all well researched areas. Cognitive psychology is associated with a school of thought known as cognitivism, whose adherents argue for an information processing model of mental function, informed by positivism and experimental psychology.
Cognitive science is very closely related to cognitive psychology, but differs in some of the research methods used, and has a slightly greater emphasis on explaining mental phenomena in terms of both behavior and neural processing.

Both areas can use computational models to simulate phenomena of interest. Because mental events cannot directly be observed, computational models provide a tool for studying the functional organization of the mind. Such models give cognitive psychologists a way to study the "software" of mental processes independent of the "hardware" it runs on, be it the brain or a computer.

Comparative psychology refers to the study of the behavior and mental life of animals other than human beings. It is related to disciplines outside of psychology that study animal behavior, such as ethology. Although the field of psychology is primarily concerned with humans, the behavior and mental processes of animals is also an important part of psychological research, either as a subject in its own right (e.g., animal cognition and ethology), or with strong emphasis about evolutionary links, and somewhat more controversially, as a way of gaining an insight into human psychology by means of comparison or via animal models of emotional and behavior systems as seen in neuroscience of psychology (e.g., affective neuroscience and social neuroscience).

Health psychology is the application of psychological theory and research to health, illness and health care. Whereas clinical psychology focuses on mental health and neurological illness, health psychology is concerned with the psychology of a much wider range of health-related behavior including healthy eating, the doctor-patient relationship, a patient's understanding of health information, and beliefs about illness. Health psychologists may be involved in public health campaigns, examining the impact of illness or health policy on quality of life or in research into the psychological impact of health and social care.

Human factors psychology is the study of how cognitive and psychological processes affect our interaction with tools and objects in the environment. The goal of research in human factors psychology is to better design objects by taking into account the limitations and biases of human mental processes and behavior.

Industrial and organizational psychology is among the newest fields in psychology. Industrial Psychology focuses on improving, evaluating, and predicting job performance while Organizational Psychology focuses on how organizations impact and interact with individuals. In 1910, through the works and experiments of Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott, Industrial Psychology became recognized as a legitimate part of the social science. Organizational Psychology was not officially added until the 1970s and since then, the field has flourished. The Society for Industrial Organizational Psychology has approximately 3400 professional members and 1900 student members. These two numbers combine to make up only about four percent of the members in the American Psychology Association but the number has been rising since 1939 when there were only one hundred professional psychologists.

Psychologists are employed by academic institutions, consulting firms, internal human resources in industries, and governmental institutions. Various universities across the United States are beginning to strengthen their Psychology programs due to the increase of interest and job demand in the field.

Industrial organizational psychologists look at questions regarding things such as who to hire, how to define and measure successful job performance, how to prepare people to be more successful in their jobs, how to create and change jobs so that they are safer and make people happier, and how to structure the organization to allow people to achieve their potential.

School psychology is the area of discipline that is dedicated to helping young people succeed academically, socially, and emotionally. School psychologists collaborate with educators, parents, and other professionals to create safe, healthy, and supportive learning environments for all students that strengthen connections between home and school. They are trained to be experts in educational and behavioral assessment, intervention, prevention, and consultation, and many have extensive training in research. Currently, school psychology is the only field in which a professional can be called a "psychologist" without a doctoral degree, with the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) recognizing the Specialist degree as the entry level. This is a matter of controversy as the APA does not recognize anything below a doctorate as the entry level for a psychologist. Specialist-level school psychologists, who typically receive three years of graduate training, function almost exclusively within school systems, while those at the doctoral-level are found in a number of other settings as well, including universities, hospitals, clinics, and private practice.

Philosophy of psychology typically refers to a set of issues at the theoretical foundations of modern psychology. In psychology, the questions concern similarly foundational concepts:

What is a cognitive module?
What psychological phenomena count as knowledge?
What is innateness?
It also concerns the problems raised from contemporary research such as the question of whether humans are actually rational creatures or not.

In this way, philosophy of psychology typically concerns itself closely with the work conducted in cognitive science, neurobiology, artificial intelligence, etc. Philosophy of mind, by contrast, has been a well-established discipline before psychology was a proper field of study at all, concerned with questions about the very nature of mind, the qualities of experience, or the debate between dualism and materialism. These issues arch over the generally more technical concerns of philosophy of psychology, and it may be said that all psychology and philosophy of psychology exist as subdisciplines of the broad projects in philosophy of mind.

There are many different views on what is exploring psychology.
Often said that psychology is the science of the soul, which ruled study soul. Either way, psychology has to respond to the question of why people behave in one way or another. There are many different classifications of Sciences, most of them psychology takes an intermediate position between several categories. This is a broad spectrum of issues with which the psychology and methods that were used. Psychology-natural science, actively using experimental technology proof and denial of hypotheses.
Psychology is the study of psychological changes rights as spiritual adulthood. Psychology, studying the psychological differences, typological differences psychological manifestations of the various social, class, ethnicity, age and other groups.
Psychology assumes that the human behavior and mental phenomena result from any cause, ie a fundamentally clear. The object of learning is independent from poznayuschego actor; Object fundamentally opposed through force.
The unity of consciousness and activity. Consciousness effectively, and the soznatelna. Principle development. Also known as the principle of historicism and the genetic principle. and filogeneze anything.
Sistemno-strukturny principle. Any mental phenomena should be considered as integrated processes. Psychology studies, the so-called ekstrasensornogo perception of information not related to the operation of science sensory organs, as well as the effects of the creature, the physical phenomena outside the body without posredstva muscular effort.
The study phenomena alternative learning psychology has psychological patterns hypnosis ideomotrnyh acts subsensornogo perception phenomenal memory and computational skills. Subektivnoe perception of the individual is a conscientious, if it contains a display of the environment and individuals' attitudes to it.
The perception of the individual himself and called consciousness.
Consciousness can be relatively narrow or broad, it depends on that of the perceived relationship. Perhaps the lowest consciousness is a perception of a space, one of the most broad-sense impact on the external factors and their own abilities.
Consciousness can have any object that transforms information. Establishing a psychological impact on the rights which are uncritical acceptance of beliefs and attitudes. This is a particularly formed verbal constructions, often also called Establishing. Originally indoctrinated unconsciously used effective media personnel-people who in any way for a life "are" highly developed their skills. Since the outbreak of degrading and psychotherapy in general, telling play an important role in the arsenal of psychotherapists. Establishing often in a trance state, which has arisen in gipnoze or spontaneously.
Panic (Greek-panikos unconscionable horror characters. Fear God forests Panom), a human-psihologichesoe unconscionable, irresistible fear caused by actual or perceived danger, covering rights, or many, uncontrollable desire to avoid a dangerous situation.
Identity is a combination of established habits and preferences, mental attitude and tone, sociocultural experience and acquired knowledge, a set of psychological traits and characteristics of the person who Archetype determining the day-to-day behavior and relationships with society and nature.
Also identity as a "behavioral manifestations" masks made to different situations and social groups interaction.
There is no strict boundaries of the notion of identity in the home underneath understand nature, the rights entirely, but it must be noted that identity is not a unique or consciousness.
Psychology is the science of domestic peace Man. Science, which explores our inner, subjective world and opens the laws of his existence.
Psychology is the art. Art of Living, full, full, full, joyful, a very different quality.
Psychology is poetry. Poetry about mankind, his life, his ability and capacity development, which, in fact, is endless.
Psychology is a journey. Exciting, incredible, exciting journey into the inner world, where every moment is valid, where there are laws of human existence, and life is brought before us in all its beauty and majesty.
Psychology is love. This endless love for a man to the Life and the Earth on which everything has its own meaning and purpose. Where are all miraculously intersected, intertwined, at a single, coherent pattern of life, in which everything is connected to everything else and nothing can be deleted. Where all, in fact, was steeped in joy and a blessing, and only ignorance of domestic laws of life and the laws of life itself makes it a joy, beauty and fulfilment of suffering, pain and mental poverty.

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Blogger Илона Голкова said...

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July 28, 2007 at 7:36 AM  

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Psychologist